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The Scottish and English Barclays are of Norman origin and the first spelling of their name was ‘de Berchelai’, believed to be the Anglo Saxon version of ‘beau’, meaning ‘beautiful’, and ‘lee’ a meadow. Theobald de Berkeley settled in Scotland in the 12th century in the Aberdeenshire area. Alexander Barclay added to the Barclay lands when he came into possession of the estate of Mathers in 1351, when he married the sister of the powerful Marischal of Aberdeen. Sir Walter Barclay of Gartly was appointed Chamberlain of Scotland under William the Lion in 1165. On following the establishment of strong positions in lands, offices and alliances, Sir David Barclay was one of the chief associates of Robert the Bruce. He was with his king at the battle of Methven where he was taken prisoner. On his return from the 30 years war, a later Sir David Barclay came into possession of the estate of Urie, near Stonehaven. By that time he was a colonel who had served as a professional soldier in the army of the Swedish king, Gustavus Adolphus. He officially retired in 1647 but took up arms again in the following year on behalf of Charles I, but subsequently served as a Scottish representative during Cromwell’s rule. On the restoration of the monarchy, he was arrested but later released as a result of the influence of powerful allies. During this period he converted to the Quaker faith.In Aberdeenshire, the Barclays of Tolly had held their estates for over 600 years. Their descendant was Minister of War at the time of Napoleon’s invasion and defeat in 1812. For this service he, the Russian Field Marshal Michael Andreas Barclay, was created Prince Barclay de Tolly. The family continued its adherence to the Quaker faith and is also known for its strong trade and shipping links with Europe. |